Talk at the JFLI, at the NII (国立情報学研究所) in Tokyo (東京)

On my way to Tokyo (東京) for a couple of days, where I was invited to give a talk by the JFLI (Japanese-French Laboratory for Informatics) at the National Institute of Informatics (国立情報学研究所), Room 1810, NII. The talk will be on “Counterfactual and Transport-Based Methods for Understanding Indirect Discrimination in Algorithmic Systems

Understanding disparities between demographic groups in algorithmic predictions remains a central challenge in responsible AI. Classical decomposition methods such as the Kitagawa–Oaxaca–Blinder framework, recently extended to nonlinear and machine-learning settings by Tierney et al. (AAAI 2026), show that observed gaps may arise either from legitimate differences in feature distributions or from structural bias. However, such aggregate decompositions provide limited insight into individual-level counterfactual behaviour. In this talk, I will present recent methodological advances that combine causal reasoning with optimal transport to characterize direct and indirect discriminatory pathways in modern predictive systems. Building on transport-based counterfactuals (Fernandes Machado et al., AAAI 2025; IJCAI 2025), we obtain individual-level counterfactual mediators that respect a given causal graph, including both continuous and categorical variables. This enables a fine-grained decomposition of model disparities into components attributable to causal pathways, beyond what is possible with standard fairness metrics or feature-removal strategies. The presentation will emphasize: the connection between decomposition-based fairness analyses and causal mediation; the construction of transport-based counterfactuals aligned with probabilistic graphical models; and applications showing how indirect discrimination can propagate through proxy variables even when sensitive features are not used. The goal is to give a concise and technically grounded overview of how optimal transport and counterfactual inference can provide interpretable tools for understanding fairness issues in machine-learning models. This talk is intended for researchers interested in causal ML, fairness analysis, and transport-based generative methods.


OpenEdition suggests that you cite this post as follows:
Arthur Charpentier (December 2, 2025). Talk at the JFLI, at the NII (国立情報学研究所) in Tokyo (東京). Freakonometrics. Retrieved December 15, 2025 from https://doi.org/10.58079/1598s


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